The
Borobudur Temple Compounds is one of the greatest Buddhist monuments in the
world, and was built in the 8th and 9th centuries AD during the reign of the
Syailendra Dynasty. The monument is located in the Kedu Valley, in the southern
part of Central Java, at the centre of the island of Java, Indonesia.
The main temple is a stupa built in three tiers around a hill which was a natural centre: a pyramidal base with five concentric square terraces, the trunk of a cone with three circular platforms and, at the top, a monumental stupa. The walls and balustrades are decorated with fine low reliefs, covering a total surface area of 2,520 m2. Around the circular platforms are 72 openwork stupas, each containing a statue of the Buddha.
The vertical division of Borobudur Temple into base, body, and superstructure perfectly accords with the conception of the Universe in Buddhist cosmology. It is believed that the universe is divided into three superimposing spheres, kamadhatu, rupadhatu, and arupadhatu, representing respectively the sphere of desires where we are bound to our desires, the sphere of forms where we abandon our desires but are still bound to name and form, and the sphere of formlessness where there is no longer either name or form. At Borobudur Temple, the kamadhatu is represented by the base, the rupadhatu by the five square terraces, and the arupadhatu by the three circular platforms as well as the big stupa. The whole structure shows a unique blending of the very central ideas of ancestor worship, related to the idea of a terraced mountain, combined with the Buddhist concept of attaining Nirvana.
The main temple is a stupa built in three tiers around a hill which was a natural centre: a pyramidal base with five concentric square terraces, the trunk of a cone with three circular platforms and, at the top, a monumental stupa. The walls and balustrades are decorated with fine low reliefs, covering a total surface area of 2,520 m2. Around the circular platforms are 72 openwork stupas, each containing a statue of the Buddha.
The vertical division of Borobudur Temple into base, body, and superstructure perfectly accords with the conception of the Universe in Buddhist cosmology. It is believed that the universe is divided into three superimposing spheres, kamadhatu, rupadhatu, and arupadhatu, representing respectively the sphere of desires where we are bound to our desires, the sphere of forms where we abandon our desires but are still bound to name and form, and the sphere of formlessness where there is no longer either name or form. At Borobudur Temple, the kamadhatu is represented by the base, the rupadhatu by the five square terraces, and the arupadhatu by the three circular platforms as well as the big stupa. The whole structure shows a unique blending of the very central ideas of ancestor worship, related to the idea of a terraced mountain, combined with the Buddhist concept of attaining Nirvana.
Where
borobudur temple takes place?
a.West java
b.Eat java
c.central java
d.Jakarta
When
Borobudur temple was built?
a.8-9 century
b.8-10
century
c.7-9
century
d.5-7
century
At Borobudur
Temple, the kamadhatu is represented by the base,...
What is the
closest meaning with the word base?
- Data
- Ground
- Vehicle
- Bus.
Sweden is a
very large country in Northern Europe. Every year tourists come from all over
the world to visit Sweden’s cities to see the interesting sights and enjoy the
outdoors.
A tourist planning a trip to Sweden can choose various
activities to do. People who enjoy city life can visit Stockholm, Sweden’s
capital. Stockholm is a beautiful city of islands. In Stockholm, tourists can
visit its many beautiful old castles and churches. They can shop, enjoy the
art, or see a movie or a play.
Tourists who enjoy outdoor lifestyle can find plenty
to see and do in Sweden. Forests cover 50 percent of the land and are home
to many wild animals, such
as bears, elks, foxes, and reindeers. There are 96.000 lakes in Sweden. In
north, there is a long range of tall mountains. Adventurous travellers
may want to explore the beautiful wilderness that Sweden has to offer.
There are several different kinds of lodging in
Sweden. Travellers can stay at luxurious hotels with many guest rooms, or they
can choose to stay at small country inns, where they may be served home-cooked
breakfast. Those who want to save money and enjoy nature can stay at campsites
and sleep outdoors under the trees in a sleeping bag.
Why does the writer compose this passage?
A. To
give information about Sweden
B. To persuade readers to visit
Sweden
C. To explain about the weather
in Sweden
D. To influence people to come
to Sweden
What does the writer think about Sweden?
A. Stockholm is a perfect place
to enjoy nature.
B. Wild
animals inhabit the long range of mountain.
C. All hotel will provide guest
with home-cooked breakfast.
D. We could not sleep under the
trees in a sleeping bag in Sweden.
“Adventurous travellers will want to
explore ...” (paragraph 3).
The
underlined word means ….
A. audacious
B. hazardous
C. dangerous
D. courageous
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